![]() The quality of hemodialysis can be objectively measured using the recirculation rate (R%) calculation. CONCLUSIONS: Tip placement at upper area (right atrium, superior vena cava or cavoatrial junction) offer better outcome as reflected by the R% compared by the lower area (inferior vena cava or external iliac vein).Ībstract = "INTRODUCTION: Hemodialysis is a medical procedure to artificially replace the functions of kidney, particularly of its role to filter and excrete various substances such as electrolytes, salts, metabolic breakdowns, inactive or active drugs, and toxins. Recirculation rate was measured using salin dilution/ultrasound dilution/low flow method. The results also correspond with the previous recommendation stated by KDOQI. These indicate that higher and stable laminar flow are required for the dialysis to be effective. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Out of thirteen articles gathered, nearly all of them showed satisfying results among catheters with the tip located either at superior vena cava or cavoaortic junction or right atrium, if compared by the inferior vena cava or iliac veins. We also reviewed the articles cited within the literatures to broaden the search results. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Literatures reviewed in our study were gathered from PubMed and Google Scholar. This review aimed to analyze the outcome of hemodialysis (as showed by recirculation rate) with the catheter tip placement. Recirculation could be caused by several factors, such as inadequate flow within the vessel lumen and other catheter - related defects. Recirculation describes a condition when the dialyzed blood reenter the systemic circulation without a full equilibration. Compared to the other microcatheters mentioned in the presentation.INTRODUCTION: Hemodialysis is a medical procedure to artificially replace the functions of kidney, particularly of its role to filter and excrete various substances such as electrolytes, salts, metabolic breakdowns, inactive or active drugs, and toxins. Chronic Total Occlusion and Left Main Summit 2014. Wire Design and New CTO Technologies-You May Not Have Yet. Compared to the other microcatheters.Ĩ Ochiai. Cardiovascular Interventions in Clinical Practice. Compared to former techniques and past generation of devices.ħ Haase et al. Percutaneous Intervention for Coronary Chronic Total Occlusion: The Hybrid Approach. Compared to former techniques and past generation of devices.Ħ Rinfret. Chronic total occlusions - Current techniques and future directions. Meta-Analysis of Clinical Outcomes of Patients Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Interventions for Chronic Total Occlusions. ![]() ![]() Compared to the standard microcatheters and other devices.Ĥ Christakopoulos et al. High Success, Low Complications for Chronic Total Occlusion Revascularization in the Cath Lab: The EXPERT CTO Trial. ![]() Compared to the standard microcatheters or OTW PTCA balloons.ģ Kandzari. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B. Current status of percutaneous coronary intervention of chronic total occlusion. Compared to the standard microcatheters and other devices.Ģ Ge et al. Recanalization of difficult bifurcation lesions using adjunctive double-lumen microcatheter support: two case reports. ![]()
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